TATA KELOLA PERENCANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBANGUNAN KESEHATAN (Studi Mengenai Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Kompleksitasnya di Kota Cimahi)
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Pergeseran paradigma penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dari government menuju governance menempatkan adanya kebutuhan akan partisipasi masyarakat dalam mengatur dan mengurus urusan dan kepentingan publik secara lebih baik, legitimate, akuntabel, dan efektif ketimbang tanpa partisipasi masyarakat. Riset ini bertujuan menganalisis partisipasi masyarakat dan kompleksitasnya serta strategi peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan kesehatan. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma post-positivistik digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan tujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan pembangunan kesehatan di Kota Cimahi menerapkan pendekatan quasi-bottom up melalui mekanisme informal dan formal. Mekanisme informal berada pada derajat partisipasi warga, mekanisme formal berada pada derajat konsultasi. Pada pelaksanaan pembangunan kesehatan, masyarakat Cimahi telah menciptakan institusi kerja lokal yang difungsikan untuk melaksanakan pembangunan kesehatan melalui usaha kesehatan berbasis masyarakat, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, dan menciptakan kesehatan lingkungan. Pendekatan pembangunan masyarakat
melalui Forum Kota Sehat, Forum RW Siaga serta sekolah-sekolah sebagai fondasi dalam membangun kesadaran seluruh masyarakat Cimahi untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan kesehatan. Kompleksitas partisipasi
masyarakat dalam perencanaan maupun pelaksanaan pembangunan kesehatan terjadi karena adanya kendala faktor eksternal dan internal yang saling terkait dan interdependensi. Strategi pemberdayaan diterapkan untuk
meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat melalui peningkatan kapasitas individu, kelompok dan jejaring kerja, baik terhadap pemerintah maupun terhadap masyarakat.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- The journal allow the authors to hold the copyright without restrictions and allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Buku
Cassell, Catherine and Symon, Gillian. (1994).
Qualitative Methodes in Organizational
Research: A Pratical Guide. London: Sage
Pulications.
Chambers, R. (1996). Memahami Desa Secara
Partisipatif. Yogyakarta: Kanisius
Conyers, Diana. (1994). Perencanaan Sosial di Dunia
Ketiga, Suatu Pengantar. (ed ketiga,
terjemahan). Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press.
Creswell, John W., (2010). Research Design:
Qualitative,Quantitative and Mixed Methods
Approaches. (cetakan pertama, terjemahan),
Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Davis, Glyn and Michael Keating. (2000). The Future
of Governance. Australia: Allen & Ulwin.
Denhardt, J.V. and R.B.Denhardt. (2003). The New
Public Service: Serving Not Steering. New York:
M.E.Sharpe.
Volume XII | Nomor 1 | April 2015 J u r n a l
Ilmu Administrasi Media Pengembangan dan Prak tik Administrasi
Tata Kelola Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Kesehatan
(Studi Mengenai Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Kompleksitasnya di Kota Cimahi)1
u Hendrikus Triwibawanto Gedeona
Denzin, Norman. K., & Yvonna S. Lincoln. (2005).
The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. Third
Edition. London: Sage Publication.
Fung, A. and E.O.Wright. (2001). Deepening
Democracy: Innovations in Empowered
Participatory Governance, Politics and Society
Frederickson, H.G. (1999). The Spirit of Public
Administration. San Fransisco: The Jossey-Bass
Public Administration Series.
Gaventa, John and Andrea Cornwall. (1999). From
Users and Choosers to Makers and Shapers:
Repositioning Participation in Social Policy.
Honadle George and Jerry VanSant. (1985).
Implementation for Sustainibility. Lesson from
Integrated Rural Development. India: Kumarian
Press.
Ife, Jim and Frank Tesoriero. (2008). Community
Development: Alternatif Pengembangan
Masyarakat di Era Globalisasi. Dalam Sastrawan
Manullang, dkk (ed terjemahan). Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
Jackson, Karl D., (1978); Bureaucratic Polity: A
Theoritical Framework for the Analysis of Power
and Communication in Indonesia, dalam
Jackson, Karl D. dan Pye, Lucian W. Political
Power and Communication in Indonesia.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kartasasmita, G. (1996). Pembangunan untuk Rakyat:
Memadukan Pertumbuhan dan Pemerataan,
Jakarta: CIDES.
Korten, David C. (1987). Community Management:
Asian Experience and Perspective. Kumarian
Press: West Hardford. Connectitut
Korten, David C and Felipe B. Alfonso (eds). (1983).
Bureaucracy and The Porr: Closing the Gap.
Kumarian Press: West Hardford. Connectitut.
Krueger, R.A. (1998). Analyzing and Reporting Focus
Group Results Focus Group kit 6., London: Sage
Publications.
Leach dan Percy-Smith. (2001). Local Governance in
Britain. New York: Palgrave.
Lineberry, William P. (1989). Assesing Participatory
Development: Rethoric Versus Reality. San
Fransisco, London: Westview Press.
Mardikanto, Totok & Poerwoko Soebianto. (2012).
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Perspektif
Kebijakan Publik. Alfabeta Bandung.
Martin, D.W.(1989). The Guide to The Foundations of
Public Administration. New York: Marcel
Dekker,Inc
Milles, Matheuw, B. & A. Mitchel Huberman. (1992).
Qualitative Data Analysis, Beverly Hills: Sage
Publication, Inc
Mosse, David. (2004). Pembangunan Partisipatoris.
dalam Philip Quarles van Ufford & Ananta
Kumar Giri (ed). Kritik Moral Pembangunan.
Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius.
Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2000). Social Research
Methodes: Qualitative and Quantitative
Approaches. (4th ed). USA: Allyn and Bacon.
Oakley P., (1989). Community Involvement in Health
Development: An Examination of Critical Issues.
Geneva: World Health Organization.
Osborne, D. & Gaebler, T. (1992). Reinventing
Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit is
Transforming the Public Sector. Reading, MA:
Harvard University Press.
Plummer, J. (2000). Municipalities and Community
Participation: a Sourcebook for Capacity
Development. London: Farthscan
Riggs, Fred. W., (1971). Frontiers of Development
Administration. Duke University Press.
Roesmidi dan Riza Risyanti. (2006). Pemberdayaan
Masyarakat. Bandung: Alqaprint Jatinangor.
Rosenbloom, D.H., & R.S. Kravchuk. (2005). Public
Administration: Understanding Management,
Politics and Law in The Public Sector (Six
edition). Singapore: McGraw Hill.
Saly, S. I, et al. (2007). Decentralised DOTS Shortens
Delay to TB Treatment Significantly in Cambodia
Santoso, Priyo Budi. (1993). Birokrasi Pemerintah Orde
Baru: Perspektif Kultural dan Struktural. Jakarta:
Rajawali Press.
Simmons, Robert H.and Dvorin, Eugene P.(1977).
Public Administration: Value, Policy and Change.
Washingthon, DC: Alfred Publishing Co.Inc.
Soetomo, (2009). Pembangunan Masyarakat:
Merangkai Sebuah Kerangka. Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
Soetrisno, Loekman. (1995). Menuju Masyarakat
Partisipatif. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
Steifel, M. and Woelfe, M. (1994). A Voice for the
Excluded: Popular Participation in Development,
Utopia or Necessity?. London: Zed Books.
Suliha, (2000). Pendidikan Kesehatan. Jakarta: PT.
EGC.
Sumarto, Hetifah Sj. (2009). Inovasi, Partisipasi dan
Good Governance: 20 Prakarsa Inovasi dan
Partisipasi di Indonesia. Edisi Kedua. Jakarta:
Yayasan Obor Indonesia
Sumaryono, E. (1993). Hermeneutik: Sebuah Metode
Filsafat. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Suparjan & Suyatno, H. (2003). Pengembangan
Masyarakat dari Pembangunan Sampai
Pemberdayaan. Edisi Ke-1. Cetakan Pertama.
Yogyakarta: Aditya Media.
Tjokrowinoto, Moelyarto. (2001). Pembangunan
Dilema dan Tantangan. Cetakan Ketiga.
Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Tiilhonen, Seppo. (2004). From Governing to
Governance. Tampere University Press
Timney, M. M. (1998). Overcoming Administrative
Barriers to Citizen Participation: Citizens as
Partners, not Adversaries. In C. S. King & C.
Stivers (Eds.), Government is us: Public
administration in an anti-government era (pp. 88-
. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage
Publications.
Vigoda, E. (2003). New Public Management. Dalam
Jack Rabin (ed), Encyclopedia of Public
Volume XII | Nomor 1 | April 2015 J u r n a l
Ilmu Administrasi Media Pengembangan dan Prak tik Administrasi
Tata Kelola Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Kesehatan
(Studi Mengenai Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Kompleksitasnya di Kota Cimahi)1
u Hendrikus Triwibawanto Gedeona
Administration and Public Policy. New York:
Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Wassen, J. (1997). A Study on Decentralizing from
Acute Care to Home Care Setting in Germany:
Health Policy.
Wilmore, Larry. (2003). Civil Society Organizations,
Participation and Budgeting.
Wrihatnolo, Randi R. dan Riant Nugroho
D w i d j o w i j o t o . ( 2 0 0 7 ) . M a n a j e m e n
Pemberdayaan: Sebuah Pengantar dan Panduan
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Elex Media
Komputindo.
Disertasi, Jurnal dan Surat Kabar
Damanhuri, Didin S. (1997). Perekonomian
Indonesia dalam Konteks Paradigma Baru
Pembangunan pada Abad 21. Dalam Ekonomi
Politik, Orientasi Pendalaman Bidang Tugas
DPRD Tk I dan DPRD Tk II.
Dwiyanto, Agus. (2004). Reorientasi Ilmu
Administrasi Publik: Dari Government ke
Governance. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar
UGM.
Folke, Carl, Thomas Hahn, Per Olsson and Jon
Norber. (2005). “Adaptive Governance of
Social-Ecological Systems†dalam Annual
Review of Environment and Resources Vol.
:441-473
Goodsell, C.T. (2006). A New Vision Public
Administration. dalam Public Administration
Review, Jul/Agustus, 66,4, Academic Research
Library. Hal. 623-635
Ghosh, S.K., Patil, R.R., Tiwari, S. and Dash, A.P.,
A community-based health education
programme for bio-environmental control of
malaria through folk theatre (Kalajatha) in
rural India. Malaria Journal, [Online] 5, p. 123.
Jackson, Karl D., (1978). Bureaucratic Polity: A
Theoritical Framework for the Analysis of Power
and Communication in Indonesia. dalam
Jackson, Karl D. dan Pye, Lucian W. “Political
Power and Communication in Indonesiaâ€,
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kettl, Donald F. (2000). The Transformation of
Governance: Globalization, Devolution and
Role Of Government. dalam Journal of Public
Administration Review, Vol. 60. No.6, p:448-497
Lahiri-Dutt, K. and Samanta, G., (2002). State
Initiatives for the Empowerment of Women of
Rural Communities: Experiences from Eastern
India. Community Development Journal,
[Online] 37, pp. 137-156.
Moeliono, Laurike. (2001). Metode dan Analisis
Focus group Discussion dalam Penelitian
Kualitatif. dalam Jurnal Penelitian Lembaga
Penelitian Universitas Katolik Parahyangan,
No. 11, Agustus 2001, Bandung.
Morgan, L.M., (2001). Community Participation in
Health: Perpetual Allure, Persistent
Challenge. Health Policy and Planning, [Online]
(3), pp. 221 – 230.
Pimbert, M. (2001) dalam “Institutionalizing
P a r t i c i p a t i o n i n M u n i c i p a l p o l i c y
Development: Preliminary Lessons from a
Start-Up Process in Plateau Mont Royalâ€
(Landry & Angeles, 2011), Canadian Journal of
Urban Research. Vol. 20. Institute of Urban
Studies. P. 105-130.
Prasojo, Eko. (2009). Pergeseran dan Pengadopsian
Paradigma Administrasi Negara dalam
Kurikulum. Makalah dalam acara Diskusi
Terbatas di STIA LAN Bandung, 18 Agustus
Ramiro, Laurie. S., et.al. (2007). Community
Participation in Local Health Boards in a
Decentralized Setting: Cases from Philippines.
Dalam Journal of Public Health .p. 147-156.
Riawanti, Selly. (2010). Metode Kualitatif dalam
Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial. Makalah dalam Kegiatan
Pembekalan terhadap Dosen Pembimbing di STIA
LAN Bandung, 31 Mei 2010, Bandung.
Rifkin, S.B., (2001). Ten Best Readings on
Community Participation and Health. African
Health Sciences, [Online] 1(1), pp. 43 – 47.
Rondinelli, D.A. (2007). Government Serving
People: The Changing Role of Public
Administration in Democratic Governance.
Dalam Public Administration and Democratic
Governance: Governments Serving Citizens. New
York: United Nations: Economic and Social
Affairs.
Sciller, Jim. (2009). Belajar Berpartisipasi. Dalam
Hetifah Sj. Sumarto. Inovasi, Partisipasi dan
Good Governance: 20 Prakarsa Inovasi dan
Partisipasi di Indonesia. Edisi Kedua, Jakarta:
Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Smith, L.K., (1991). Community Participation in
Health: A Case Study of World Health
Organization's Healthy Cities Project in
Barcelona and Sheffield. Community
Development Journal, [Online] 26 (2), pp. 112 –