Institutional Dynamics in Sustainable Food Crop Land Protection (LP2B) Implementation in Bandung Regency, Indonesia
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Abstract
The rapid conversion of paddy fields in Bandung Regency, Indonesia, threatens regional food security and challenges the implementation of the Sustainable Food Crop Land Protection (LP2B) policy. This study examines the institutional dynamics influencing LP2B implementation using the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through document analysis, in-depth interviews with ten key informants, two focus group discussions (FGDs), and field observations conducted in five purposively selected villages: Sugihmukti, Jelegong, Bojongsari, Sumbersari, and Banjaran Wetan. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The findings reveal distinct institutional dynamics across the five villages. Jelegong and Bojongsari experience stronger land conversion pressure driven by urbanization and land market expansion, whereas Sumbersari and Banjaran Wetan face greater challenges related to irrigation limitations. Sugihmukti demonstrates relatively stronger community participation in farmland management but remains vulnerable to market-driven land conversion. LP2B implementation is constrained by weak inter-agency coordination, limited village administrative capacity, inadequate policy dissemination, ineffective incentive mechanisms, and insufficient irrigation infrastructure. Conversely, active farmer groups, village regulations, and local government initiatives provide institutional opportunities to strengthen farmland protection. The study highlights that effective LP2B implementation depends not only on formal regulations but also on the interaction between institutional capacity, local governance, and stakeholder collaboration. These findings contribute to the literature on agricultural land governance by demonstrating how institutional dynamics shape the implementation of farmland protection policies in peri-urban regions
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