PENGARUH PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA TERDIDIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA: PERSPEKTIF MODAL MANUSIA
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Abstract
Pendidikan merupakan suatu investasi dalam pembangunan. Beberapa studi telah menentukan pengaruh modal manusia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sektor pendidikan dengan memosisikan manusia sebagai fokus dalam pembangunan telah memberikan kontribusi langsung terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi short dan long run pada penelitian, pertumbuhan ekonomi dipengaruhi oleh GFCF secara signifikan dalam jangka panjang maupun jangka pendek. Modal manusia berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan dasar dan lanjutan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan baik dalam waktu jangka panjang dan jangka pendek.
Pembentukan modal manusia harus didorong dengan adanya kebijakan yang diambil pemerintah tentang investasi terhadap modal manusia dan modal fisik. Dengan adanya subsidi pendidikan dari pemerintah harus dibarengi dengan tumbuhnya tingkat kesadaran masyarakat di Indonesia yang mendukung program tersebut dengan cara menyekolahkan anak-anaknya sampai pendidikan paling tinggi. Hal ini dikarenakan tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja terdidik dengan tingkat pendidikan tertentu akan meningkatkan produktivitas yang beujung pada peningkatan nasional dan meningkatkan pendapatan perkapita penduduk.
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